Ibhawodi liyingxenye yemishini evamile, evame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi. Ikhanda nesikulufu, izingxenye ezimbili zokwakheka kwekilasi lezixhumi, okumele zisetshenziswe ngokuhambisana namantongomane, ikakhulukazi ukuvikela ukuxhuma kwezingxenye ezimbili ngembobo edlulayo. Mhlawumbe awunalo ulwazi mayelana nekhwalithi ye-bolt material, lesi sihloko sizokwethula impahla ye-bolt, ulwazi lwekhwalithi, ukuze abantu abaningi bafunde ukukhomba lezi zakhiwo ezincane ze-bolt.
Ngabe izimfanelo nezinto zokwakha zamabhawodi zibhekisa kuphi?
Ikhwalithi yebhawodi ihambisana no-4.8, 8.8, 10.9 nezinye izimfanelo zebhawodi.
Izinto ezisetshenziswa ukwenza ibhawodi yi-Q235, 35K, 40Cr, 45 # steel, 35CrMo steel, 304 insimbi engagqwali kanye ne-316 stainless steel, njll.
Insimbi emnene ingakhiqiza kuphela amabhawodi anamandla aphansi, insimbi ye-carbon ephakathi ingakhiqiza amabhawodi wamandla aphakathi nendawo, insimbi ephezulu ye-carbon steel kanye nensimbi ye-alloy ingakhiqiza amabhawodi amandla aphezulu. Amanye amamaki amabhawodi acacisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo ezihambisanayo zemishini, kodwa futhi ahlonze okokusebenza.
Nalu uhlu lwamamaki amabhawodi ajwayelekile, kuye ngezinto ezisetshenzisiwe. Ibanga lesi-4.8 lingaba yi-Q235, i-Q195 nezinye izinto zensimbi ezithambile. IBanga 5.8, Q235, lingasetshenziselwa zonke izinto futhi alidingi ukwelashwa okushisa. Izinga 8.8, intambo ububanzi 16 mm noma ngaphansi, 35 #, ukushisa ukuphathwa, 16 mm noma ngaphezulu, 45 # kanye low carbon ingxubevange steel, ukushisa kwelashwa. Izinga 10.9, insimbi ye-carbon alloy ephakathi, ukwelashwa kokushisa. Ukwelashwa kokushisa 35Crmo 40Cr, njll.
Ingabe amabhawodi anamandla angahlukaniswa namabhawodi ajwayelekile ngezinto zawo?
Amabhawodi ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa ngokwezinga lawo lamandla.
Izinga lokusebenza kwe-Bolt 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9 njalonjalo, amamaki angaphezu kuka-10, kuhlanganise namabhawodi angu-8.8 nangaphezulu enziwe ngensimbi ye-low-carbon alloy noma i-medium-carbon steel kanye ne-heat-treated (i-strened, enye i-bolted high, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-bolted high). eyaziwa ngokuthi amabhawudi ajwayelekile. Ukumaka izinga lokusebenza kwebhawodi kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili zokwakheka kwezinombolo, ngokulandelana kwazo amandla okubamba okuqinile wento yebhawodi kanye nenani lesilinganiso samandla okugoba.
Isibonelo, izinga lokusebenza lamabholithi ekilasi 8.8 limi kanje
1, amandla okuzisholo okuqinile wento yebhawodi ngu-800MPa;
2, isilinganiso samandla esivuno sempahla yebhawodi ngu-0.8;
3, amandla okuvunwa okuzisholo okwenziwa kwebhawodi ngu-800 × 0.8 = 640MPa. Amabhawodi anamandla aphezulu asetshenziswa kakhulu yibanga lesi-8.8 nele-10.9, kanti amabhawodi ajwayelekile asetshenziswa kakhulu yibanga lesi-4.8.
Ungawubona kanjani umehluko phakathi kwamabhawodi anamandla amakhulu namabhawodi ajwayelekile?
Izinto zensimbi ze-Carbon zihlukaniswe zibe yizinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezijwayelekile. Amabhothi ensimbi e-carbon akhiqizwa ngezinto ezinamandla kakhulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-bolts aphezulu. Isibonelo, sisebenzisa insimbi engu-45 # ukukhiqiza amabhawodi ekhanda eliphindwe kabili, futhi ngokwesibonelo, sisebenzisa insimbi engu-35k ukukhiqiza amabhawodi ane-hexagonal namabhawodi angama-hexagonal, lawa mabhawodi afakwa, kuzoba nenqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa, ngemuva kokuqedwa, izinga lebhawodi lifinyelela ekilasini 8.8, nakuba i-carbon steel material efanayo, kodwa ngenxa yalokho izinga eliphezulu le-bolt libizwa ngokuthi izinga eliphezulu le-bolt. Isibonelo, sisebenzisa insimbi engu-40Crmo alloy ukukhiqiza amabhawodi angu-10.9 hex, futhi isibonelo, sisebenzisa insimbi engu-35Crmo alloy ukukhiqiza amabhawudi angu-12.9, njll., lawa mazinga aphakeme kuneleveli engu-8.8, ngakho abizwa ngokuthi amabhawodi aphezulu.
Amabhothi akhiqizwa ngezinto ezijwayelekile ze-carbon steel abizwa ngokuthi ama-bolt ajwayelekile. Isibonelo, sisebenzisa impahla ye-Q235 ukuze sikhiqize amabhawodi angama-hexagonal angu-4.8, njengensimbi yethu ye-A3 ukukhiqiza amantongomane angama-hexagonal angu-4, njll., lezi zinto ngemva kokuqedwa kokukhiqiza zidinga kuphela ukuhlanzwa kwendawo noma ukuphathwa kwe-electro-galvanized surface, futhi akudingi ukwelashwa kokushisa, ngakho-ke abizwa ngokuthi ama-bolt ajwayelekile.
Kusukela kulokhu okungenhla, singasungula umthetho: okuthiwa ama-bolts anamandla amakhulu, okungukuthi lawo anezakhiwo zemishini ezilingana noma ezinkulu kune-8.8 futhi ezidinga ukwelashwa kokushisa, zibizwa ngokuthi ama-bolts aphezulu. Ama-bolts anezakhiwo zemishini ngaphansi kwe-8.8 abizwa ngokuthi ama-bolts ajwayelekile, anamandla angu-4.8, angadingi ukwelashwa okushisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-30-2024